Holidays April 11
International Day for the Release of Prisoners of Fascist Concentration Camps
Every year on April 11, various commemorative events are held around the world dedicated to the day of the release of prisoners from Nazi concentration camps. Former prisoners organize meetings, commemorate the dead, and lay flowers at the graves of victims injured at the hands of the Nazis. And the event is timed to the international uprising of the captives of Buchenwald, which took place on April 11, 1945. The irresistible will to freedom has done its job - the prisoner managed to escape. It seems to us that all this was too long. But those who have experienced this horror with their own eyes will never be able to forget about it, and no matter how many years have passed.
In total, in fascist Germany and the countries it occupied, there were more than fifteen thousand concentration camps. Prisoners, whose life expectancy ranged from one month to two years, brought "owners" a huge profit. Over the years of World War II, more than 18 million civilians (about 6 million of them are citizens of the Soviet Union) went through death camps. Survivors can only be envied - for their courage, patience, desire for life and freedom. This is the true example for the current growing generation!
Juan Santamaria Day
Juan Santamaria Day is a historic holiday in Costa Rica dedicated to military events in 1856 against American filibusters. Its celebration is held mainly in educational institutions (colleges, schools) and is supported by celebrations with the introduction of the flag and the singing of the national anthem. Schoolchildren are invited to stage a heroic feat of Juan, when he with a burning torch crept through the crowd to an enemy building and set it on fire, and after that he himself died with honor and dignity.
April 11th in the folk calendar
Preservation
On April 11, in Russia, the most beloved tree among the people was worshiped - birch. The slender “white-bore beauty” was personified with a source of health, life, light and heat. Our ancestors associated with this tree a great many signs and beliefs. For example, in order to cure a cold child, parents slightly whipped its back with birch twigs. A birch branch stuck in the roof was considered to be a charm for the house. And to imagine a Russian bathhouse without a good, voluminous birch broom was completely impossible.
In Orthodoxy, the attitude towards the birch was especially reverent, because, according to the legend, it was under the birch that the Mother of God once hid with her son Jesus Christ. As a rule, on April 11, people often visited birch groves, where they listened to trees, nourished by strength and energy. It was also checked whether the bleeding started. Almost every family procured birch sap in Russia. It was used as a vitamin and immunostimulating agent.
Historical events of April 11
April 11, 1857 - Emperor Alexander II approved the state emblem of the double-headed eagle
Emblems in Russia appeared in the Middle Ages. So in 1497 a double-headed eagle was introduced as a state seal in Russia, and it was imprinted together with the image of St. George - the patron saint of Kiev princes. And from the next century, the double-headed eagle became the only and main symbol of the Russian coat of arms. Over time, the emblem improved, all new attributes were added to it. Each ruler wanted to contribute to the symbolism of the coat of arms. These modifications especially occurred during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, Mikhail Fedorovich, Peter the Great, Paul the First, Alexander and Nikolai the First.
However, the most serious reform to strengthen the coat of arms was carried out under Alexander the Second. By his decree, a special department was created to work on state emblems, which subsequently created a whole system of Russian emblems. On April 11, 1857, Alexander the Second decided on and approved the new coat of arms of the double-headed eagle. This decree lasted (without major changes) until 1917.
April 11, 1919 - Creation of the International Labor Organization
The ILO's goal was to promote social justice and the establishment of international human rights in the world of work. The International Labor Organization is the first intergovernmental system that defines the development of conventions on labor legislation. The first ILO conference was held in 1919 in Washington. Frenchman Albert Thoma was elected Director General of the organization. In total, it included forty-five states.
The ILO's task is to organize international programs to improve working conditions, combat unemployment, protect the population from industrial accidents, and protect women, children and adolescents. In addition, the ILO provides advisory services, conducts a constructive analysis of problems arising in the world of work, and organizes various measures to address these problems and disseminate information massively. To date, the Director General of the ILO is G. Ryder.
April 11, 1952 - Under the leadership of Cooper, the first successful brain operation was performed.
As a result of the operation, the patient got rid of Parkinson's disease. While most of the previous surgical interventions in the deep layers of the brain ended very poorly. Yes, and in principle they did not. And the operation carried out by Cooper was a great accident in the field of medicine. During it, doctors accidentally hit the artery of the vascular plexus. This caused a hemorrhage. Doctors naturally had to close the arterial plexus. But after the patient came out of anesthesia, doctors noticed that his head and limbs were no longer shaking. Since then, Parkinson's disease began to stop in this way - by pulling certain vessels of the brain.
Born on April 11
- James parkinson (1755-1824) - an outstanding English healer. In 1817, he described a disease called trembling paralysis. At the moment, it is called Parkinson's disease. He managed to prove that it is formed not due to paralysis, but as a result of damage to the patient's motor function. The main symptoms of the disease were trembling, stiffness, slow movement and the inability to maintain normal balance. In most cases, the disease tended to progress. However, progress in his treatment was outlined only in the middle of the 20th century, when physicians developed several effective methods that relieve trembling and stiffness.
- Nikolay Devyatkov (1907-2001) - Russian physicist. He was engaged in research in the field of electronics and microwaves. Devyatkov stood at the origins of the introduction of electronic equipment. His name is associated with the creation of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics. Thanks to his research, laser technology has emerged that has been successfully applied in modern medicine.
- Emil Kio (1894-1965) - Soviet circus artist-illusionist, founder of the dynasty of illusionists. His debut took place by great chance, and he was fateful for the artist. Subsequently, Kio was nicknamed the great "wizard of the 20th century."
Birthday April 11
April 11th will be celebrated: Cyril, Ivan, Antip, Jacob, Mark, Emma, Valery, Philip, Stanislav.
